{"id":28,"date":"2017-08-24T18:44:56","date_gmt":"2017-08-24T18:44:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mulberryharbour.info\/?page_id=2"},"modified":"2024-04-19T08:11:13","modified_gmt":"2024-04-19T08:11:13","slug":"garliestons-secret-war","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/mulberryharbour.info\/","title":{"rendered":"Mulberry Harbour Garlieston"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class='clear'><\/div><div id='sub_menu1'  class='av-submenu-container av-13czr0-303cb760249b88fb52d2d16532041517 main_color  avia-builder-el-0  el_before_av_section  avia-builder-el-first  av-sticky-submenu container_wrap sidebar_right' style='z-index:301' ><div class='container av-menu-mobile-disabled av-submenu-pos-center'><ul id=\"menu-main\" class=\"av-subnav-menu\" role=\"menu\"><li role=\"menuitem\" id=\"menu-item-366\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-home menu-item-top-level menu-item-top-level-1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mulberryharbour.info\/\" itemprop=\"url\" tabindex=\"0\"><span class=\"avia-bullet\"><\/span><span class=\"avia-menu-text\">MULBERRY HARBOUR<\/span><span class=\"avia-menu-fx\"><span class=\"avia-arrow-wrap\"><span class=\"avia-arrow\"><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li role=\"menuitem\" id=\"menu-item-367\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-top-level menu-item-top-level-2\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mulberryharbour.info\/?page_id=358\" itemprop=\"url\" tabindex=\"0\"><span class=\"avia-bullet\"><\/span><span class=\"avia-menu-text\">EXHIBITION<\/span><span class=\"avia-menu-fx\"><span class=\"avia-arrow-wrap\"><span class=\"avia-arrow\"><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li role=\"menuitem\" id=\"menu-item-223\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-top-level menu-item-top-level-3\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mulberryharbour.info\/?page_id=222\" itemprop=\"url\" tabindex=\"0\"><span class=\"avia-bullet\"><\/span><span class=\"avia-menu-text\">THE PROJECT<\/span><span class=\"avia-menu-fx\"><span class=\"avia-arrow-wrap\"><span class=\"avia-arrow\"><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li role=\"menuitem\" id=\"menu-item-679\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-top-level menu-item-top-level-4\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mulberryharbour.info\/?page_id=668\" itemprop=\"url\" tabindex=\"0\"><span class=\"avia-bullet\"><\/span><span class=\"avia-menu-text\">THE BOOK<\/span><span class=\"avia-menu-fx\"><span class=\"avia-arrow-wrap\"><span class=\"avia-arrow\"><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div><\/div><div class='sticky_placeholder'><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-11r7fc-a21590401a875bf6a3ab5e8693b74f82\">\n.avia-section.av-11r7fc-a21590401a875bf6a3ab5e8693b74f82{\nbackground-repeat:no-repeat;\nbackground-image:url(https:\/\/mulberryharbour.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/crusader-1030x928.jpg);\nbackground-position:50% 50%;\nbackground-attachment:scroll;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div id='crusader'  class='avia-section av-11r7fc-a21590401a875bf6a3ab5e8693b74f82 main_color avia-section-small avia-no-border-styling  avia-builder-el-1  el_after_av_submenu  el_before_av_layout_row  avia-full-stretch avia-bg-style-scroll av-minimum-height av-minimum-height-custom av-height-custom  container_wrap sidebar_right'  data-section-bg-repeat='stretch' data-av_minimum_height_px='1500'><div class=\"av-section-color-overlay-wrap\"><a href='#next-section' title='' class='scroll-down-link ' aria-hidden='true' data-av_icon='\ue877' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello'><\/a><div class='container av-section-cont-open' style='height:1500px'><div class='template-page content  av-content-small alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-28'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-111urs-ec070cddc3f694f3d1607ace8a15cac4\">\n.flex_column.av-111urs-ec070cddc3f694f3d1607ace8a15cac4{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-111urs-ec070cddc3f694f3d1607ace8a15cac4 av_three_fourth  avia-builder-el-2  el_before_av_one_fourth  avia-builder-el-first  first flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding  '     ><p><section  class='av_textblock_section av-3n1m4-0f04db2b2f7f0f71b9e01c57e5788b12 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft title-image\" src=\"https:\/\/mulberryharbour.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/gsw.png\" alt=\"Garlieston's Secret War: the development of the Mulberry Harbours and the men who made it happen\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-zzs0k-7a90aa0e88059f9de9aa9e30afe32164\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-zzs0k-7a90aa0e88059f9de9aa9e30afe32164 .avia_textblock{\nfont-size:28px;\ncolor:#ffffff;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-zzs0k-7a90aa0e88059f9de9aa9e30afe32164 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock av_inherit_color'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p style=\"margin-top: 20px;\">The WWII D-Day Mulberry Harbour trials around Garlieston<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/p><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-zcf9w-eb8a18e8420d9b2703b810643617dfac\">\n.flex_column.av-zcf9w-eb8a18e8420d9b2703b810643617dfac{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-zcf9w-eb8a18e8420d9b2703b810643617dfac av_one_fourth  avia-builder-el-5  el_after_av_three_fourth  avia-builder-el-last  flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding  '     ><p>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-z2wrc-a1bf4d934a1956513610d7a6a47a4423\">\n.avia-image-container.av-z2wrc-a1bf4d934a1956513610d7a6a47a4423 img.avia_image{\nbox-shadow:none;\n}\n.avia-image-container.av-z2wrc-a1bf4d934a1956513610d7a6a47a4423 .av-image-caption-overlay-center{\ncolor:#ffffff;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='avia-image-container av-z2wrc-a1bf4d934a1956513610d7a6a47a4423 av-styling- avia_animated_image av-animated-when-visible-95 left-to-right avia-align-left  avia-builder-el-6  el_before_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-first '   itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\" ><div class=\"avia-image-container-inner\"><div class=\"avia-image-overlay-wrap\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" class='wp-image- avia-img-lazy-loading-not- avia_image ' src='https:\/\/mulberryharbour.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/topsecret.png' alt='' title=''   itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\"  \/><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-y5lgc-bd9009e3424d4a54c4bcac3c856a065b\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-y5lgc-bd9009e3424d4a54c4bcac3c856a065b .avia_textblock{\ncolor:#ffffff;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-y5lgc-bd9009e3424d4a54c4bcac3c856a065b '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock av_inherit_color'  itemprop=\"text\" ><div class=\"topcaption\" style=\"padding-top: 1200px;\">Mulberry Harbour Garlieston: as testing nears completion, a Crusader tank heads away from Cairn Head (Portyerrock, nr Garlieston) on Allan Beckett&#8217;s floating roadway.<br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">Picture: H30929 \u00a9 IWM<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div><\/section><\/p><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><!-- close content main div --><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id='av-layout-grid-1'  class='av-layout-grid-container av-xt8gw-0e6b4007b069b0053fef2ee6c29efd67 entry-content-wrapper main_color av-flex-cells  avia-builder-el-8  el_after_av_section  el_before_av_section  grid-row-not-first  container_wrap sidebar_right'  >\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-xayr4-caa3bf2048ea93dd9ac934c29a82209e\">\n.flex_cell.av-xayr4-caa3bf2048ea93dd9ac934c29a82209e{\nvertical-align:top;\n}\n.responsive #top #wrap_all .flex_cell.av-xayr4-caa3bf2048ea93dd9ac934c29a82209e{\npadding:30px 30px 30px 30px !important;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div class='flex_cell av-xayr4-caa3bf2048ea93dd9ac934c29a82209e av-gridrow-cell av_one_fourth no_margin  avia-builder-el-9  el_before_av_cell_one_half  avia-builder-el-first '  ><div class='flex_cell_inner'><\/div><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-wk330-6fb55c448bd1eb51c9ffa0b673565476\">\n.flex_cell.av-wk330-6fb55c448bd1eb51c9ffa0b673565476{\nvertical-align:top;\n}\n.responsive #top #wrap_all .flex_cell.av-wk330-6fb55c448bd1eb51c9ffa0b673565476{\npadding:30px 30px 30px 30px !important;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div class='flex_cell av-wk330-6fb55c448bd1eb51c9ffa0b673565476 av-gridrow-cell av_one_half no_margin  avia-builder-el-10  el_after_av_cell_one_fourth  el_before_av_cell_one_fourth '  ><div class='flex_cell_inner'><p>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-vy0hg-976102f517dfcbfe72ae2be1276e3504\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-vy0hg-976102f517dfcbfe72ae2be1276e3504 .avia_textblock{\nfont-size:16px;\ncolor:#000000;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-vy0hg-976102f517dfcbfe72ae2be1276e3504 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock av_inherit_color'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-665 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/mulberryharbour.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/d-day_fob.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"142\" height=\"189\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Garlieston enters the Mulberry Harbour story in the autumn of 1942. Several locations in this remote Wigtownshire village including Garlieston Harbour, Rigg Bay and Cairn Head were used for evaluating three prototypes in preparation for the D-Day invasion. <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bruce_White\">Brigadier Sir Bruce White<\/a> wrote:<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"bigquotes\">\n<p>It was necessary to test the components for the artificial harbours. I tried out any proposal, whether it was made by my own staff, by another Service or even by individuals. A testing site had to be found in the UK for these trials. A search of various areas resulted in the selection of a location in the Solway Firth where the rise and fall of the tide \u2014 about 24 feet \u2014 was similar to that off Normandy. It was also subject, at times, to very rough seas. Above all, however, its remoteness from London decided the issue, as interested visitors were reduced to the minimum. Police protection was provided, when I approached the Scottish authorities, and a small unit was established at the experimental site.<\/p>\n<figure><a href=\"https:\/\/mulberryharbour.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/faces1-1030x743.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-185 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/mulberryharbour.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/faces1.jpg\" alt=\"Garlieston Mulberry Harbour trials: Major Carline, Major. Steer-Webster, QMG Thomas Riddell-Webster, Brigadier Sir Bruce White arriving at Garlieston Harbour, 13th March 1943\" width=\"1299\" height=\"937\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"caption\">Major Carline, Maj. Steer-Webster, QMG Thomas Riddell-Webster, Brig. Bruce White<br \/>\narriving at Garlieston Harbour, 13th March 1943 <span class=\"iwm\">(\u00a9 IWM)<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-vc6ww-f871f3bf26bbb8b713af8ad659aba6a2\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-vc6ww-f871f3bf26bbb8b713af8ad659aba6a2 .avia_textblock{\nfont-size:20px;\ncolor:#000000;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-vc6ww-f871f3bf26bbb8b713af8ad659aba6a2 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock av_inherit_color'  itemprop=\"text\" ><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-107\" src=\"https:\/\/mulberryharbour.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/churchill-letter-small.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"491\" height=\"580\" \/><figcaption><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Winston_Churchill\">Churchill<\/a> takes a personal interest in the Mulberry Harbour project<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/section><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-us2dk-29a3d247c842a0f3309a4c62feff368b\">\n.flex_cell.av-us2dk-29a3d247c842a0f3309a4c62feff368b{\nvertical-align:top;\n}\n.responsive #top #wrap_all .flex_cell.av-us2dk-29a3d247c842a0f3309a4c62feff368b{\npadding:30px 30px 30px 30px !important;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div class='flex_cell av-us2dk-29a3d247c842a0f3309a4c62feff368b av-gridrow-cell av_one_fourth no_margin  avia-builder-el-13  el_after_av_cell_one_half  avia-builder-el-last '  ><div class='flex_cell_inner'><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-u449g-566319295c5c22a26c621d8f1afabd86\">\n.avia-section.av-u449g-566319295c5c22a26c621d8f1afabd86 .av-parallax .av-parallax-inner{\nbackground-repeat:no-repeat;\nbackground-image:url(https:\/\/mulberryharbour.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/riggbay-1030x773.jpg);\nbackground-position:50% 50%;\nbackground-attachment:scroll;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div id='av_section_2'  class='avia-section av-u449g-566319295c5c22a26c621d8f1afabd86 main_color avia-section-default avia-no-shadow  avia-builder-el-14  el_after_av_layout_row  el_before_av_section  avia-full-stretch av-parallax-section avia-bg-style-parallax av-minimum-height av-minimum-height-custom av-height-custom  container_wrap sidebar_right'  data-section-bg-repeat='stretch' data-av_minimum_height_px='1500'><div class='av-parallax' data-avia-parallax-ratio='0.3' ><div class='av-parallax-inner main_color avia-full-stretch'><\/div><\/div><div class='container av-section-cont-open' style='height:1500px'><div class='template-page content  av-content-small alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-28'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-tkohs-fdd6031fda3490f92c7f7142447a57c4\">\n.flex_column.av-tkohs-fdd6031fda3490f92c7f7142447a57c4{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:20px 20px 20px 20px;\nbackground-color:#ffffff;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-tkohs-fdd6031fda3490f92c7f7142447a57c4 av_one_half  avia-builder-el-15  avia-builder-el-no-sibling  first flex_column_div av-animated-generic top-to-bottom  '     ><style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-2vx2k-fdca266c52916f7d0ed8a0d4d999223d\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-2vx2k-fdca266c52916f7d0ed8a0d4d999223d .avia_textblock{\nfont-size:18px;\ncolor:#000000;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-2vx2k-fdca266c52916f7d0ed8a0d4d999223d '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock av_inherit_color'  itemprop=\"text\" ><div style=\"font-family: 'Courier New'; font-weight: bold; text-align: right;\">14th May, 1943<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-family: 'Courier New'; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0 auto; text-indent: 5em; width: auto;\">\n<p>The first appearance to us of any military working party was on Friday the 14th inst., when they entered without any formal notice or warning to the estate, in a military truck, via Breakwater Lodge and the shore path, to Rigg Bay, and started work in the Bay. On Saturday last, 22nd inst., they resumed operations, and also put notices at certain places, and patrolled the shore path from approximately Breakwater Lodge to the Cruggleton Lodge, and turned all intruders away from that area. Our old notice board at Breakwater Lodge gate, which reads \u201cThese grounds are strictly private\u201d has now got nailed underneath it to the same post, two fresh boards, printed \u2013<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center; text-indent: 0;\"><strong>W.D. PROPERTY<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>NO ENTRY<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 11px;\">\u00a9 Copyright 2016 Brook House Ltd<\/div>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div>\n<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><!-- close content main div --><\/div><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-s3yyo-c67e790ac217cc8ff7773fe0a820a23a\">\n.avia-section.av-s3yyo-c67e790ac217cc8ff7773fe0a820a23a{\nbackground-repeat:no-repeat;\nbackground-image:url(https:\/\/mulberryharbour.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/swissrollharbour.jpg);\nbackground-position:50% 50%;\nbackground-attachment:scroll;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div id='bottom-text'  class='avia-section av-s3yyo-c67e790ac217cc8ff7773fe0a820a23a main_color avia-section-default avia-no-border-styling  avia-builder-el-17  el_after_av_section  el_before_av_layout_row  avia-full-stretch avia-bg-style-scroll av-minimum-height av-minimum-height-custom av-height-custom  container_wrap sidebar_right'  data-section-bg-repeat='stretch' data-av_minimum_height_px='1500'><div class='container av-section-cont-open' style='height:1500px'><div class='template-page content  av-content-small alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-28'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-rjmxw-3909fd3e2ff9f846a23a0b3fe60d8265\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-rjmxw-3909fd3e2ff9f846a23a0b3fe60d8265 .avia_textblock{\nfont-size:36px;\ncolor:#ffffff;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-rjmxw-3909fd3e2ff9f846a23a0b3fe60d8265 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock av_inherit_color'  itemprop=\"text\" ><div class=\"big-vspace\">The Prototypes<\/div>\n<\/div><\/section>\n\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><!-- close content main div --><\/div><\/div><div id='av-layout-grid-2'  class='av-layout-grid-container av-r614k-6dcda3f3b3b01a868cd8a70b6191b151 entry-content-wrapper main_color av-flex-cells  avia-builder-el-19  el_after_av_section  el_before_av_section  grid-row-not-first  container_wrap sidebar_right'  >\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-qks2w-beac9a338416ef338871125c05293596\">\n.flex_cell.av-qks2w-beac9a338416ef338871125c05293596{\nvertical-align:top;\n}\n.responsive #top #wrap_all .flex_cell.av-qks2w-beac9a338416ef338871125c05293596{\npadding:30px 30px 30px 30px !important;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div class='flex_cell av-qks2w-beac9a338416ef338871125c05293596 av-gridrow-cell av_one_fourth no_margin  avia-builder-el-20  el_before_av_cell_one_half  avia-builder-el-first '  ><div class='flex_cell_inner'><\/div><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-q30hw-edf68c1f98129645ec52ebe2cf78d7d3\">\n.flex_cell.av-q30hw-edf68c1f98129645ec52ebe2cf78d7d3{\nvertical-align:top;\n}\n.responsive #top #wrap_all .flex_cell.av-q30hw-edf68c1f98129645ec52ebe2cf78d7d3{\npadding:30px 30px 30px 30px !important;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div class='flex_cell av-q30hw-edf68c1f98129645ec52ebe2cf78d7d3 av-gridrow-cell av_one_half no_margin  avia-builder-el-21  el_after_av_cell_one_fourth  el_before_av_cell_one_fourth '  ><div class='flex_cell_inner'>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-p69bw-409bfe5dc20064d3f621bbde8f6d5c20\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-p69bw-409bfe5dc20064d3f621bbde8f6d5c20 .avia_textblock{\nfont-size:16px;\ncolor:#686868;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-p69bw-409bfe5dc20064d3f621bbde8f6d5c20 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock av_inherit_color'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Brigadier White&#8217;s Transportation 5 Department (Tn5) at the War Office was tasked with evaluating three Mulberry Harbour prototypes at Garlieston.<\/p>\n<h2>Hippo<\/h2>\n<p>Designer: <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hugh_Iorys_Hughes\">Hugh Iorys Hughes<\/a><\/p>\n<p>A series of initially floating caissons linked by an elevated roadway. Sunk into position by flooding. Discarded because shifting sand beneath the settled caissons caused instability and being a fixed installation could not be in use around the clock.<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/mulberryharbour.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/threehippos-495x400.png\"><br \/>\n<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/mulberryharbour.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/threehippos-495x400.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-109 size-full\" style=\"border: 1px solid #eee;\" src=\"https:\/\/mulberryharbour.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/threehippos.png\" alt=\"Garlieston Mulberry Harbour trials: Hippo caissons and roadway at Rigg Bay, Garlieston\" width=\"1299\" height=\"877\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h2>Swiss Roll<\/h2>\n<p>Designer: Ronald Hamilton, <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Department_of_Miscellaneous_Weapons_Development\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Department of Miscellaneous Weapons Development<\/a><\/p>\n<p>A canvas roadway with hinged side &#8216;flaps&#8217; that prevented water ingress when under load. Initially promising but prone to flooding with heavier loads. Some rolls were used during the D-Day invasion to disembark troops from landing craft.<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/mulberryharbour.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/swissroll-flooding1-495x400.png\"><br \/>\n<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/mulberryharbour.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/swissroll-flooding1-495x400.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-113 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/mulberryharbour.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/swissroll-flooding1.png\" alt=\"Garlieston Mulberry Harbour trials: Lorry tries out Swiss Roll off Cairnhead nr Garlieston\" width=\"1299\" height=\"894\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h2>Spud Pier and &#8216;Whale&#8217; Roadway<\/h2>\n<p>Designers: Lobnitz &#038; Co., Renfrew; Lt. Col. William Everall and <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Allan_Beckett\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Major Allan Becket<\/a>, Transportation 5 (Tn5)<\/p>\n<p>A floating pierhead that could be elevated on legs for stability and to avoid harsh sea conditions linked to an innovative floating roadway. This was the harbour that went to war.<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/mulberryharbour.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/spud1-495x400.png\"><br \/>\n<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/mulberryharbour.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/spud1-495x400.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-114 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/mulberryharbour.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/spud1.png\" alt=\"Garlieston Mulberry Harbour trials: Spud pier and floating Whale roadway off Cairnhead nr Garlieston\" width=\"1870\" height=\"1276\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/section>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-ojn7k-ad1a4e4a7502c23ad6afb33f0e312bfd\">\n.flex_cell.av-ojn7k-ad1a4e4a7502c23ad6afb33f0e312bfd{\nvertical-align:top;\n}\n.responsive #top #wrap_all .flex_cell.av-ojn7k-ad1a4e4a7502c23ad6afb33f0e312bfd{\npadding:30px 30px 30px 30px !important;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div class='flex_cell av-ojn7k-ad1a4e4a7502c23ad6afb33f0e312bfd av-gridrow-cell av_one_fourth no_margin  avia-builder-el-23  el_after_av_cell_one_half  avia-builder-el-last '  ><div class='flex_cell_inner'><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-nxbqk-9612c12ae7e46653a182d0fb7e69c206\">\n.avia-section.av-nxbqk-9612c12ae7e46653a182d0fb7e69c206{\nbackground-repeat:no-repeat;\nbackground-image:url(https:\/\/mulberryharbour.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/433ramp.png);\nbackground-position:50% 50%;\nbackground-attachment:scroll;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div id='av_section_4'  class='avia-section av-nxbqk-9612c12ae7e46653a182d0fb7e69c206 main_color avia-section-default avia-no-border-styling  avia-builder-el-24  el_after_av_layout_row  el_before_av_layout_row  avia-full-stretch avia-bg-style-scroll av-minimum-height av-minimum-height-custom av-height-custom  container_wrap sidebar_right'  data-section-bg-repeat='stretch' data-av_minimum_height_px='1400'><div class='container av-section-cont-open' style='height:1400px'><div class='template-page content  av-content-small alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-28'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-nodqw-d723386e318faea3561a9d880ec39422\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-nodqw-d723386e318faea3561a9d880ec39422 .avia_textblock{\nfont-size:28px;\ncolor:#ffffff;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-nodqw-d723386e318faea3561a9d880ec39422 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock av_inherit_color'  itemprop=\"text\" ><div style=\"font-size: 60px; margin-top: 600px;\">The harbour that went to war<\/div>\n<\/div><\/section>\n\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><!-- close content main div --><\/div><\/div><div id='av-layout-grid-3'  class='av-layout-grid-container av-my8jk-6556fb58783f426f15a7c062535eccbc entry-content-wrapper main_color av-flex-cells  avia-builder-el-26  el_after_av_section  el_before_av_section  grid-row-not-first  container_wrap sidebar_right'  >\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-m9hkk-e85230aba1737ac31ab43ac384699de1\">\n.flex_cell.av-m9hkk-e85230aba1737ac31ab43ac384699de1{\nvertical-align:top;\n}\n.responsive #top #wrap_all .flex_cell.av-m9hkk-e85230aba1737ac31ab43ac384699de1{\npadding:30px 30px 30px 30px !important;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div class='flex_cell av-m9hkk-e85230aba1737ac31ab43ac384699de1 av-gridrow-cell av_one_fourth no_margin  avia-builder-el-27  el_before_av_cell_one_half  avia-builder-el-first '  ><div class='flex_cell_inner'><\/div><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-25k88-163320d7ed69861a6a4ae16edaed842b\">\n.flex_cell.av-25k88-163320d7ed69861a6a4ae16edaed842b{\nvertical-align:top;\n}\n.responsive #top #wrap_all .flex_cell.av-25k88-163320d7ed69861a6a4ae16edaed842b{\npadding:30px 30px 30px 30px !important;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div class='flex_cell av-25k88-163320d7ed69861a6a4ae16edaed842b av-gridrow-cell av_one_half no_margin  avia-builder-el-28  el_after_av_cell_one_fourth  el_before_av_cell_one_fourth '  ><div class='flex_cell_inner'><p>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-lbekc-a94b3e8c5cec2178831791394adf077c\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-lbekc-a94b3e8c5cec2178831791394adf077c .avia_textblock{\nfont-size:18px;\ncolor:#686868;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-lbekc-a94b3e8c5cec2178831791394adf077c '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock av_inherit_color'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>The Spud pier combined with the floating roadway, codename WHALE, enabled the piers to be used at all states of the tide.<\/p>\n<p>The pier could be jacked up so that it was no longer afloat to provide a stable berthing platform and included innovations such as the ramp that enabled Tank Landing Ships (LSTs) to be run &#8216;aground&#8217; for discharging via the bow doors. Some piers also featured an elevated platform so that vehicles could also be discharged from the top deck.<\/p>\n<figure><a href=\"https:\/\/mulberryharbour.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/lst-shore-ramp-1030x714.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-200\" src=\"https:\/\/mulberryharbour.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/lst-shore-ramp-1030x714.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1030\" height=\"714\" \/><\/a><figcaption>An LST is nudged towards a beaching ramp (433)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Thanks to an innovative spherical bearing, sections of the floating roadway could oscillate through a wide range with respect to their neighbours. The addition of one or more telescopic bridge spans mean that the angle of the roadway could adjust to changes in water depth or the raising or lowering of the adjacent pier.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-k6i18-0b3a7433da03f83afee2942b4cf13ad7\">\n.flex_cell.av-k6i18-0b3a7433da03f83afee2942b4cf13ad7{\nvertical-align:top;\n}\n.responsive #top #wrap_all .flex_cell.av-k6i18-0b3a7433da03f83afee2942b4cf13ad7{\npadding:30px 30px 30px 30px !important;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div class='flex_cell av-k6i18-0b3a7433da03f83afee2942b4cf13ad7 av-gridrow-cell av_one_fourth no_margin  avia-builder-el-31  el_after_av_cell_one_half  avia-builder-el-last '  ><div class='flex_cell_inner'><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-j9870-f330bcce0a55611c706d19e079bafd80\">\n.avia-section.av-j9870-f330bcce0a55611c706d19e079bafd80{\nbackground-repeat:no-repeat;\nbackground-image:url(https:\/\/mulberryharbour.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/roadwaytwist.png);\nbackground-position:50% 50%;\nbackground-attachment:fixed;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div id='av_section_5'  class='avia-section av-j9870-f330bcce0a55611c706d19e079bafd80 main_color avia-section-no-padding avia-no-border-styling  avia-builder-el-32  el_after_av_layout_row  el_before_av_section  avia-full-stretch avia-bg-style-fixed av-minimum-height av-minimum-height-custom av-height-custom  container_wrap sidebar_right'  data-section-bg-repeat='stretch' data-av_minimum_height_px='1360'><div class='container av-section-cont-open' style='height:1360px'><div class='template-page content  av-content-small alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-28'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-j12r4-3521d5c7566422c87fd06d1aeccc87e6\">\n.flex_column.av-j12r4-3521d5c7566422c87fd06d1aeccc87e6{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-j12r4-3521d5c7566422c87fd06d1aeccc87e6 av_one_full  avia-builder-el-33  avia-builder-el-no-sibling  first flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding  '     ><p>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-1u9ik-48149ae6fc8a257135f93c8ab3224054\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-1u9ik-48149ae6fc8a257135f93c8ab3224054 .avia_textblock{\nfont-size:24px;\ncolor:#686868;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-1u9ik-48149ae6fc8a257135f93c8ab3224054 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock av_inherit_color'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>The floating roadway, designed by Allan Beckett, is given a severe test off Cairn Head.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-hiyww-bae1322e6318f547dfc40e17951cff5b\">\n.avia-image-container.av-hiyww-bae1322e6318f547dfc40e17951cff5b img.avia_image{\nbox-shadow:none;\n}\n.avia-image-container.av-hiyww-bae1322e6318f547dfc40e17951cff5b .av-caption-image-overlay-bg{\nopacity:0.1;\nbackground-color:#000000;\n}\n.avia-image-container.av-hiyww-bae1322e6318f547dfc40e17951cff5b .av-image-caption-overlay-center{\ncolor:#ffffff;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='avia-image-container av-hiyww-bae1322e6318f547dfc40e17951cff5b av-styling- avia-align-left  avia-builder-el-35  el_after_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-last  noHover av-overlay-hover-deactivate'   itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\" ><div class=\"avia-image-container-inner\"><div class=\"avia-image-overlay-wrap\"><div class=\"av-image-caption-overlay\"><div class=\"av-caption-image-overlay-bg\"><\/div><div class=\"av-image-caption-overlay-position\"><div class=\"av-image-caption-overlay-center\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Allan_Beckett\">Allan Beckett MBE<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><img fetchpriority=\"high\" class='wp-image- avia-img-lazy-loading-not- avia_image ' src='https:\/\/mulberryharbour.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/Beckett-194x300.png' alt='' title=''   itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\"  \/><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/p><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><!-- close content main div --><\/div><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-gswso-4a4325d4c2be0b7752f350e568dceea1\">\n.avia-section.av-gswso-4a4325d4c2be0b7752f350e568dceea1{\nbackground-repeat:no-repeat;\nbackground-image:url(https:\/\/mulberryharbour.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/lst13.png);\nbackground-position:0% 0%;\nbackground-attachment:scroll;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div id='av_section_6'  class='avia-section av-gswso-4a4325d4c2be0b7752f350e568dceea1 main_color avia-section-default avia-no-border-styling  avia-builder-el-36  el_after_av_section  el_before_av_section  avia-bg-style-scroll av-minimum-height av-minimum-height-custom av-height-custom  container_wrap sidebar_right'  data-section-bg-repeat='no-repeat' data-av_minimum_height_px='1340'><div class='container av-section-cont-open' style='height:1340px'><div class='template-page content  av-content-small alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-28'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-g9c8s-ef15f1524f57daf806683cebbb02bf03\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-g9c8s-ef15f1524f57daf806683cebbb02bf03 .avia_textblock{\nfont-size:28px;\ncolor:#000000;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-g9c8s-ef15f1524f57daf806683cebbb02bf03 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock av_inherit_color'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p style=\"text-align: right;\">Tank Landing Ship comes alongside<br \/>\na prototype pierhead<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section>\n\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><!-- close content main div --><\/div><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-fvdp4-4ad0110af773d811659dcc03b880dc9b\">\n.avia-section.av-fvdp4-4ad0110af773d811659dcc03b880dc9b{\nbackground-repeat:no-repeat;\nbackground-image:url(https:\/\/mulberryharbour.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/blockships.jpg);\nbackground-position:50% 50%;\nbackground-attachment:scroll;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div id='av_section_7'  class='avia-section av-fvdp4-4ad0110af773d811659dcc03b880dc9b main_color avia-section-default avia-no-border-styling  avia-builder-el-38  el_after_av_section  el_before_av_layout_row  avia-full-stretch avia-bg-style-scroll av-minimum-height av-minimum-height-custom av-height-custom  container_wrap sidebar_right'  data-section-bg-repeat='stretch' data-av_minimum_height_px='1360'><div class=\"av-section-color-overlay-wrap\"><a href='#next-section' title='' class='scroll-down-link ' aria-hidden='true' data-av_icon='\ue877' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello'><\/a><div class='container av-section-cont-open' style='height:1360px'><div class='template-page content  av-content-small alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-28'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-f3gww-cce59caaabda89cfe48b12acfe36918d\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-f3gww-cce59caaabda89cfe48b12acfe36918d .avia_textblock{\nfont-size:28px;\ncolor:#686868;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-f3gww-cce59caaabda89cfe48b12acfe36918d '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock av_inherit_color'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p style=\"font-size: 80px;\">Sheltered Water<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section>\n\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><!-- close content main div --><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id='av-layout-grid-4'  class='av-layout-grid-container av-eic40-f60f0913e1fcd92e9e3b9c2ef1ba48c5 entry-content-wrapper main_color av-flex-cells  avia-builder-el-40  el_after_av_section  el_before_av_section  grid-row-not-first  container_wrap sidebar_right'  >\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-e7wvo-a5e1af4daecfa9e402cfcd3926801ecd\">\n.flex_cell.av-e7wvo-a5e1af4daecfa9e402cfcd3926801ecd{\nvertical-align:top;\n}\n.responsive #top #wrap_all .flex_cell.av-e7wvo-a5e1af4daecfa9e402cfcd3926801ecd{\npadding:30px 30px 30px 30px !important;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div class='flex_cell av-e7wvo-a5e1af4daecfa9e402cfcd3926801ecd av-gridrow-cell av_one_fourth no_margin  avia-builder-el-41  el_before_av_cell_one_half  avia-builder-el-first '  ><div class='flex_cell_inner'><\/div><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-1cdj8-4cfecc72e9acf393357215c61f573779\">\n.flex_cell.av-1cdj8-4cfecc72e9acf393357215c61f573779{\nvertical-align:top;\n}\n.responsive #top #wrap_all .flex_cell.av-1cdj8-4cfecc72e9acf393357215c61f573779{\npadding:30px 30px 30px 30px !important;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div class='flex_cell av-1cdj8-4cfecc72e9acf393357215c61f573779 av-gridrow-cell av_one_half no_margin  avia-builder-el-42  el_after_av_cell_one_fourth  el_before_av_cell_one_fourth '  ><div class='flex_cell_inner'>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-cm7n4-9595d1077a87f811c2a03162d5cb40f7\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-cm7n4-9595d1077a87f811c2a03162d5cb40f7 .avia_textblock{\nfont-size:18px;\ncolor:#686868;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-cm7n4-9595d1077a87f811c2a03162d5cb40f7 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock av_inherit_color'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>All harbours need to provide a sheltered anchorage. And so it was with Mulberry.<\/p>\n<p>Like all other components the shelter would also need to be transported across the English Channel. A three pronged approach was devised: blockships, bombardons and phoenix caissons.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Blockships<\/strong> were just that, 60 retired merchant vessels and warships that undertook a final voyage from Scotland before being sunk and filled with sand within sight of France. Line astern they formed a formidable sea defence and even before the artificial port was operating, vessels were unloading men, ammunition and supplies on to amphibious craft in their lee.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Bombardons<\/strong> were massive steel structures, cruciform in section, that were anchored at the outer reaches of the harbour. Their profile and their ability to oscillate meant they were able to absorb wave energy, effectively acting as tethered dampers rather than a rigid barrier.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-308\" src=\"https:\/\/mulberryharbour.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/bombardon-1030x602.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1030\" height=\"602\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>Phoenix caissons<\/strong> were colossal, reinforced concrete structures, weighing up to 6000 tons, that were flooded once in position and when aligned formed a massive concrete wall. More than 213 of all types were built all over the UK.<\/p>\n<figure><a href=\"https:\/\/mulberryharbour.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/large_000000.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-214\" src=\"https:\/\/mulberryharbour.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/large_000000.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"587\" \/><\/a><figcaption>A Phoenix being towed to its assembly point. On reaching the Normandy shore<br \/>\nsea cocks on each section were opened, and the caissons settled on the sea floor<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/section>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-c0zis-4a5b73a3a2e25cd22faad958e6b6149c\">\n.flex_cell.av-c0zis-4a5b73a3a2e25cd22faad958e6b6149c{\nvertical-align:top;\n}\n.responsive #top #wrap_all .flex_cell.av-c0zis-4a5b73a3a2e25cd22faad958e6b6149c{\npadding:30px 30px 30px 30px !important;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div class='flex_cell av-c0zis-4a5b73a3a2e25cd22faad958e6b6149c av-gridrow-cell av_one_fourth no_margin  avia-builder-el-44  el_after_av_cell_one_half  avia-builder-el-last '  ><div class='flex_cell_inner'><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-bhrp8-ee4ddc8a07a678f03b5f338779e3983d\">\n.avia-section.av-bhrp8-ee4ddc8a07a678f03b5f338779e3983d{\nbackground-repeat:no-repeat;\nbackground-image:url(https:\/\/mulberryharbour.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/arromanches.png);\nbackground-position:50% 50%;\nbackground-attachment:scroll;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div id='bottom-text'  class='avia-section av-bhrp8-ee4ddc8a07a678f03b5f338779e3983d main_color avia-section-default avia-no-border-styling  avia-builder-el-45  el_after_av_layout_row  el_before_av_section  avia-full-stretch avia-bg-style-scroll av-minimum-height av-minimum-height-custom av-height-custom  container_wrap sidebar_right'  data-section-bg-repeat='stretch' data-av_minimum_height_px='980'><div class='container av-section-cont-open' style='height:980px'><div class='template-page content  av-content-small alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-28'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-b1bc8-16bfd567ea742d05f517f6201a39dd12\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-b1bc8-16bfd567ea742d05f517f6201a39dd12 .avia_textblock{\ncolor:#ffffff;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-b1bc8-16bfd567ea742d05f517f6201a39dd12 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock av_inherit_color'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p style=\"font-family: 'Source Sans Pro'; font-size: 60px; font-weight: 900; margin-top: 400px; text-align: center;\">D-Day June 6<sup>th<\/sup> 1944<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-akxg4-ecfe62629b5100330ddae0320dc23648 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><blockquote>\n<figure style=\"font-family: Georgia; padding: 0 20px;\"><em><span style=\"padding-right: 2em;\"><\/span>To construct our defences we had, in two years, used some 13 million cubic meters of concrete and 1.5 million tons of steel. A fortnight after the landings by the enemy, this costly effort was brought to nothing because of an idea of simple genius. As we know now, the invasion forces brought their own harbours and built at Arromanches and Omaha, on unprotected coast, the necessary landing ramps.<span class=\"endquote\" style=\"font-size: 34px;\">\u201d<\/span><\/em><figcaption>Albert Speer \u2013 Reich Minister of Armaments and War Production for Nazi Germany<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/div><\/section>\n\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><!-- close content main div --><\/div><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-9q0sk-9bc4b83faa492f9217d80771cc603431\">\n.avia-section.av-9q0sk-9bc4b83faa492f9217d80771cc603431{\nbackground-repeat:no-repeat;\nbackground-image:url(https:\/\/mulberryharbour.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/lst.jpg);\nbackground-position:0% 0%;\nbackground-attachment:fixed;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div id='av_section_9'  class='avia-section av-9q0sk-9bc4b83faa492f9217d80771cc603431 main_color avia-section-default avia-no-border-styling  avia-builder-el-48  el_after_av_section  el_before_av_section  avia-bg-style-fixed av-minimum-height av-minimum-height-custom av-height-custom  container_wrap sidebar_right'  data-section-bg-repeat='no-repeat' data-av_minimum_height_px='1500'><div class='container av-section-cont-open' style='height:1500px'><div class='template-page content  av-content-small alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-28'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-99384-de979faabcf2e63b9ac0535114e7dca1\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-99384-de979faabcf2e63b9ac0535114e7dca1 .avia_textblock{\nfont-size:28px;\ncolor:#ffffff;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-99384-de979faabcf2e63b9ac0535114e7dca1 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock av_inherit_color'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Tank Landing Ship with bow doors open docked at Mulberry &#8220;B&#8221;<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section>\n\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><!-- close content main div --><\/div><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-8is8g-10f407bfe75750b43b40d4eda317fb1c\">\n.avia-section.av-8is8g-10f407bfe75750b43b40d4eda317fb1c{\nbackground-repeat:no-repeat;\nbackground-image:url(https:\/\/mulberryharbour.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/433storm.jpg);\nbackground-position:50% 50%;\nbackground-attachment:scroll;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div id='av_section_10'  class='avia-section av-8is8g-10f407bfe75750b43b40d4eda317fb1c main_color avia-section-default avia-no-shadow  avia-builder-el-50  el_after_av_section  el_before_av_layout_row  avia-full-stretch avia-bg-style-scroll av-minimum-height av-minimum-height-custom av-height-custom  container_wrap sidebar_right'  data-section-bg-repeat='stretch' data-av_minimum_height_px='850'><div class='container av-section-cont-open' style='height:850px'><div class='template-page content  av-content-small alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-28'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-8b3x8-5680738afd04b8788470dcccf000e9a1\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-8b3x8-5680738afd04b8788470dcccf000e9a1 .avia_textblock{\ncolor:#686868;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-8b3x8-5680738afd04b8788470dcccf000e9a1 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock av_inherit_color'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p style=\"font-size: 80px;\">The Storm<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section>\n\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><!-- close content main div --><\/div><\/div><div id='av-layout-grid-5'  class='av-layout-grid-container av-qw5k-ca4d742ad8af136d18e7cee3e71cf9f1 entry-content-wrapper main_color av-flex-cells  avia-builder-el-52  el_after_av_section  el_before_av_section  grid-row-not-first  container_wrap sidebar_right'  >\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-6us4k-dac383468ef5a8e2d7d71039aff2b34d\">\n.flex_cell.av-6us4k-dac383468ef5a8e2d7d71039aff2b34d{\nvertical-align:top;\n}\n.responsive #top #wrap_all .flex_cell.av-6us4k-dac383468ef5a8e2d7d71039aff2b34d{\npadding:30px 30px 30px 30px !important;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div class='flex_cell av-6us4k-dac383468ef5a8e2d7d71039aff2b34d av-gridrow-cell av_one_third no_margin  avia-builder-el-53  el_before_av_cell_one_third  avia-builder-el-first '  ><div class='flex_cell_inner'><\/div><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-msp8-9780bf031cc7d2941a31a07a9318693d\">\n.flex_cell.av-msp8-9780bf031cc7d2941a31a07a9318693d{\nvertical-align:top;\n}\n.responsive #top #wrap_all .flex_cell.av-msp8-9780bf031cc7d2941a31a07a9318693d{\npadding:30px 30px 30px 30px !important;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div class='flex_cell av-msp8-9780bf031cc7d2941a31a07a9318693d av-gridrow-cell av_one_third no_margin  avia-builder-el-54  el_after_av_cell_one_third  el_before_av_cell_one_third '  ><div class='flex_cell_inner'>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-5n82k-ea5d4ced552bef18c29b56d6237c4a51\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-5n82k-ea5d4ced552bef18c29b56d6237c4a51 .avia_textblock{\nfont-size:18px;\ncolor:#000000;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-5n82k-ea5d4ced552bef18c29b56d6237c4a51 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock av_inherit_color'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>On June 19th, 1944, a savage and prolonged &#8216;once in 40 years&#8217; storm struck the Mulberry Harbours. The American harbour &#8212; Mulberry A &#8212; was completely destroyed. The British harbour &#8212; Mulberry B (&#8220;Port Winston&#8221;) &#8212; narrowly survived. We now know that the American harbour was subjected to waves that were significantly larger than those experienced at the British harbour. In both cases the waves exceeded what the harbours were designed to withstand.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-4y0cs-cc99ff1660748002f8fa238a71bd6824\">\n.flex_cell.av-4y0cs-cc99ff1660748002f8fa238a71bd6824{\nvertical-align:top;\n}\n.responsive #top #wrap_all .flex_cell.av-4y0cs-cc99ff1660748002f8fa238a71bd6824{\npadding:30px 30px 30px 30px !important;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div class='flex_cell av-4y0cs-cc99ff1660748002f8fa238a71bd6824 av-gridrow-cell av_one_third no_margin  avia-builder-el-56  el_after_av_cell_one_third  avia-builder-el-last '  ><div class='flex_cell_inner'><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-4g3zk-5161888e7d7c548e658328f79c9e1794\">\n.avia-section.av-4g3zk-5161888e7d7c548e658328f79c9e1794 .av-parallax .av-parallax-inner{\nbackground-repeat:no-repeat;\nbackground-image:url(https:\/\/mulberryharbour.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/hospitalship.jpg);\nbackground-position:50% 50%;\nbackground-attachment:scroll;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div id='av_section_11'  class='avia-section av-4g3zk-5161888e7d7c548e658328f79c9e1794 main_color avia-section-default avia-no-border-styling  avia-builder-el-57  el_after_av_layout_row  el_before_av_layout_row  avia-full-stretch av-parallax-section avia-bg-style-parallax av-minimum-height av-minimum-height-custom av-height-custom  container_wrap sidebar_right'  data-section-bg-repeat='stretch' data-av_minimum_height_px='2000'><div class='av-parallax' data-avia-parallax-ratio='0.3' ><div class='av-parallax-inner main_color avia-full-stretch'><\/div><\/div><div class='container av-section-cont-open' style='height:2000px'><div class='template-page content  av-content-small alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-28'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><!-- close content main div --><\/div><\/div><div id='av-layout-grid-6'  class='av-layout-grid-container av-45400-70f82597cc23f5b4a3d1799a73abcf04 entry-content-wrapper main_color av-flex-cells  avia-builder-el-58  el_after_av_section  avia-builder-el-last  grid-row-not-first  container_wrap sidebar_right'  >\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-3is7w-a2a487f0c648ea2ed767d2110bae2b04\">\n.flex_cell.av-3is7w-a2a487f0c648ea2ed767d2110bae2b04{\nvertical-align:top;\n}\n.responsive #top #wrap_all .flex_cell.av-3is7w-a2a487f0c648ea2ed767d2110bae2b04{\npadding:30px 30px 30px 30px !important;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div class='flex_cell av-3is7w-a2a487f0c648ea2ed767d2110bae2b04 av-gridrow-cell av_one_third no_margin  avia-builder-el-59  el_before_av_cell_one_third  avia-builder-el-first '  ><div class='flex_cell_inner'><\/div><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-9y1o-cd2d441c3695c1a7941ce83a2e69612e\">\n.flex_cell.av-9y1o-cd2d441c3695c1a7941ce83a2e69612e{\nvertical-align:top;\n}\n.responsive #top #wrap_all .flex_cell.av-9y1o-cd2d441c3695c1a7941ce83a2e69612e{\npadding:30px 30px 30px 30px !important;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div class='flex_cell av-9y1o-cd2d441c3695c1a7941ce83a2e69612e av-gridrow-cell av_one_third no_margin  avia-builder-el-60  el_after_av_cell_one_third  el_before_av_cell_one_third '  ><div class='flex_cell_inner'>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-2b78k-97e6e0f260b19afc9afe5028c1150fd5\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-2b78k-97e6e0f260b19afc9afe5028c1150fd5 .avia_textblock{\nfont-size:18px;\ncolor:#000000;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-2b78k-97e6e0f260b19afc9afe5028c1150fd5 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock av_inherit_color'  itemprop=\"text\" ><div style=\"font-family: 'Source Sans Pro';\">\n<p>MULBERRY \u201cB\u201d actually did far more than the job for which it was intended, despite storms of intensity far beyond that for which it had been designed and despite the total loss of its deep water breakwater, is the success story of a military and naval operation unsurpassed in the history of warfare.<\/p>\n<p>From the time it was put into operation, four days after D-Day until the 31st of October, 1944, 628,000 tons of supplies, 40,000 vehicles and 220,000 troops were put ashore in the sheltered area afforded by MULBERRY \u201cB\u201d. Expressed in another way, 35% of the British stores, 17% of the British vehicles and 23% of the British personnel were landed inside the Mulberry.<\/p>\n<p>From D plus 4 on it had been planned to handle 6,000 tons of stores a day at MULBERRY \u201cB\u201d, actually, however, from the 20th of June to the 1st of September the port averaged 6,765 tons a day.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u2013 Major General R W Crawford USA<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The US Mulberry was dubbed \u201cA\u201d and the British \u201cB\u201d.<\/p>\n<figure>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/mulberryharbour.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/truckonroadway2.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-273\" src=\"https:\/\/mulberryharbour.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/truckonroadway2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"796\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-1cnhk-6379680017d80b9d924023a28089d6be\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-1cnhk-6379680017d80b9d924023a28089d6be .avia_textblock{\nfont-size:18px;\ncolor:#000000;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-1cnhk-6379680017d80b9d924023a28089d6be '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock av_inherit_color'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h3 class=\"credits\">CREDITS<\/h3>\n<dl>\n<dt>Editor<\/dt>\n<dd>Roy Walter<\/dd>\n<dt>Online production<\/dt>\n<dd>Brook House Limited<\/dd>\n<dt>Picture credits<\/dt>\n<dd>Imperial War Museum (IWM)<\/dd>\n<dt>Acknowledgements<\/dt>\n<dd>The unflagging efforts of Mrs Jane Evans of Penkiln Farm, Garlieston, in highlighting Scotland&#8217;s role in the development of the D-Day Mulberry Harbours.<\/dd>\n<dt><\/dt>\n<dd style=\"line-height: 3em;\"><a href=\"mailto:garliestonmulberryharbour@gmail.com\">Contact us<\/a><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div><\/section><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-wf5g-cdbb9465f7203f7ef5a83c48e3943265\">\n.flex_cell.av-wf5g-cdbb9465f7203f7ef5a83c48e3943265{\nvertical-align:top;\n}\n.responsive #top #wrap_all .flex_cell.av-wf5g-cdbb9465f7203f7ef5a83c48e3943265{\npadding:30px 30px 30px 30px !important;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div class='flex_cell av-wf5g-cdbb9465f7203f7ef5a83c48e3943265 av-gridrow-cell av_one_third no_margin  avia-builder-el-63  el_after_av_cell_one_third  avia-builder-el-last '  ><div class='flex_cell_inner'><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-28","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mulberryharbour.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/28","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mulberryharbour.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mulberryharbour.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mulberryharbour.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mulberryharbour.info\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=28"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/mulberryharbour.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/28\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":666,"href":"https:\/\/mulberryharbour.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/28\/revisions\/666"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mulberryharbour.info\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=28"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}